Useful Formulas in solving problems



Profit

Profit is the financial gain realized when the revenue generated from business activities exceeds the expenses, costs, and taxes associated with maintaining the business.


Profit = Total Revenue – Total Cost

Financial gain or loss for a firm


Total Cost

Total cost is the sum of all expenses incurred by a business in producing and selling its goods or services.


Total Cost = Fixed Costs + Variable Costs

The sum of fixed and variable production costs



Total Revenue

Total revenue is a key financial metric representing the total income generated by a business from its sales of goods or services before any expenses are subtracted. It is a critical indicator of a company's financial health and performance.


Total Revenue = Price x Quantity

Income from selling goods or services


Marginal Revenue

Marginal revenue is the additional income generated from selling one more unit of a good or service. It is a crucial concept in economics and business, particularly in understanding the relationship between total revenue and the quantity of goods sold.


Marginal Revenue = Change in Total Revenue / Change in Quantity

Additional revenue from selling one more unit


Average Revenue

Average revenue is the revenue earned per unit of output sold. It is calculated by dividing the total revenue by the quantity of units sold.


Average Revenue = Total Revenue / Quantity Sold

Average income per unit sold


Average Variable Costs

Average Variable Costs = Variable Costs / Quantity

Variable cost per unit of output




Average Fixed Costs

Average Fixed Costs = Fixed Costs / Quantity

Fixed cost per unit of output


Total Average Cost

Total Average Cost = Total Cost / Quantity

Average cost per unit of output


Unemployment Rate

Unemployment Rate = (Number of Unemployed / Labor Force) x 100

Percentage of unemployed people in the labor force